Northern Design Multicube Modular RS485 Comms Module
Requires Multicube Modular Master or Multicube Master with Logger
Up to 20 Meters in 1 with additional modules
Minimum 2 x 3 Phase Circuits with measurement module
Master Unit of Modular Multicube System
Optional master with logger
Optional pulse output modules
Optional 12 way pulse/alarm digital output modules
Nominal current up to 0.383V (For 0.333V CT Input) and nominal voltage up to 240V L-N 415V L-L
Graphic Display
Modbus RS485 up to 19,200 bit/s
True RMS measurement of currents and voltages
The meter is intended for measuring, analysing and monitoring single-phase or three-phase electrical power network. The meter records TRMS value according to the principle of fast sampling of voltage and current signals. A built-in microprocessor calculates measurands (voltage, current, frequency, energy, power, reactive power, power factor, harmonics, etc.) from the measured signals.
Features :
20 Meters in same space as 4 traditional meters
20 x 3 Phase or 60 x Single Phase Circuits
Accuracy class 1
Simple Menu
MODBUS RTU RS485 communication up to 19,200 bit/s
5 Year Warranty
240V AC power supply
Specification
Northern Design Part Number
Multicube Modular RS485 Comms Module
Functions
kWh Meter, Energy Meter, Power Quality
Supply Voltage
240VAC < 15VA
Nominal Measurement Range
415V L-L 240V L-N, 0.333V
Maximum Measurement Range
480V L-L 280V L-N, 0.383V
Display
Graphic LCD
Pulse Output
12 (Optional)
Accuracy
Class 1 (kW,kWh) Class 1(Active), Class 2 Reactive
Ethernet
Optional
Real Time Clock
1min/month (30ppm)
Isolation
2.11kV
RS232/RS485
2400-19200 b/s
Weight
175g
Certification
EN 61010-1 Installation Category III
Factory Pack Qty
1
Environment
IP54
Safety
Protection Class II
Enclosure Material
ABS with fire protection to UL94-V-O. Self extinguishing
EnclosureSize
164 x 96mm x 29mm
Terminals
Rising Cage 4mmΒ² (12 AWG) cable max
Humidity
< 75% Non Condensing
Operating Temperature
-20 β+70 Β°C
Datasheet
Product brochure
User manual
Wiring Diagram
Suitable 0.333V CT's
Split Core CT's
Fastron Electronics FESCT-19-100-0.333V, 100Amp measurement Split Core CT's, w/1M Flying leads, 19x19mm Aperture, 0.333v Class 1 Series Current Transformer
Features
Quick Release Split Core System
1m Flying Leads
Mounting Feet Supplied
Self Powered
Rated System Voltage 0.60/3kV
Applications
US Based Metering Equipment
Energy Monitoring
AC Power Control Systems
Power Factor Correction
Power Quality Measurements
Β
Specification
Fastron Part Number
FESSCT-19-100-0.333V
Technology
Split Core AC Current Transformer
Ratio
100/0.333V
Aperture Size
19 x 19mm
VA Rating
N/A
Accuracy Class
Class 1
Output
0.333VAC (+20%)
Isolation
3kV (AC, 50Hz, 1 min)
Bandwidth
50-60Hz
Mounting Style
Cable Mount/Busbar Mount
Operating Temperature Range
-15Β°C / 55Β°C
Continuous Current (max)
100Amp x 1.2
Termination Style
1M Twisted Pair 0.34mm^2
Unit Weight
350g
Factory Pack Qty
9
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Application Notes
Installation Guide
Fastron Electronics AM5S-R-VEH-D-R1, 48x24mm Frequncy/RPM Counter 0.1-100kHz, 12-24VAC/DC Pulse Input, 22-60VDC supply
Large 5 Digit 0.4 Inch LED Display
250mS Response Time
PC 94 UL V0
Input signals can be NPN, PNP, or 24VDC Pulses depending on the model used
Each unit needs just 48 x 24mm Panel Space
86.2mm Depth
Specification
Fastron Electronics Part Number
AM5S-R-VEH-D-R1
Input
10.8 -Β 24VDC
Measurement Range
0.1Hz - 100kHz
Operating Temperature
0 - 60Β°C
Load Voltage
22-60VAC/DC
Termination Style
Screw
Mounting Style
48 x 24mm Panel Mount
Case Material
PC - UL 94 V0
Safety Approvals
CE
Weight
320g
Factory Pack Qty
1
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Application Notes
Panel Meters Blog Articles
LEM ART-B22-D300-SP4 + AI-PMUL - 3 Pcs, 3 Phase Rogowski Coils & Universal Multi Range Integrator with Signal Conditioner
The universal Rogowski coil integrator AI-PMUL complements LEMβs flexible clip-around coil ART and ARU range. The design is based on digital processing to give combined dynamic range, accuracy and versatility of use. It offers a wide range of output signals both RMS and instantaneous. AI-PMUL is DIN rail mounted and can be stacked for multiphase application without spacing thanks to its low power dissipation.
Input signal
Accuracy Class 1 (IEC 61869-2) [1].
Linearity error β€ 0.10 %. Protection degree IP2X.
35 mm DIN rail mounted.
Push-in terminals.
4 selectable true RMS output signals: 0β¦20 mA, 4β¦20 mA, 0β¦5 V, 0β¦10 V.
2 selectable instantaneous output signals: 225 mV, 333 mV.
6 selectable sensitivities depending on Rogowski coil: 22.5, 70, 80, 85, 100, 120 mV/kA at 50 Hz.
12 selectable ranges: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 4000, 5000 A.
Ambient operating temperature β25...+70 Β°C.
Advantages
Compact design for DIN rail assembly
High accuracy Class 1 (IEC 61869-2)
Setup by user via Select / Edit buttons
Clear status indication via bi-color led
Applications
MV/LV substations on LV side: Transformer Condition Monitoring
Power metering: current measurement for active power calculation
Building sub-metering: energy efficiency monitoring, consumption analysis and cost allocation
Power quality monitoring: electrical loads and distribution system equipment
Fault Detection, Isolation and Repair (FDIR): isolate the site of the fault
Remote Terminal Units (RTU)
Phasor Measurement Units (PMU)
Standards
IEC 61010-1: 2010
UL
EMC: IEC 61326-1:2012
Options
Cross Power Plug-in: side contacts to stack up to 3 Integrator modules and use only one power supply.
Specification
LEM Part Number
ART-B22-D300-SP4 + AI-PMUL - 3 Pcs
Function
3 Phase AC Current Measurement
Measuring Range
Selectable 5000,4000,2000,1500,1000,800,600,500,400,300,200,100Amp
Sensitivity
Selectable 22.5,70,80,85,100,120mV/kA @ 50 Hz
Output
Selectable; Signal Conditioned True RMS 0-20mA, True RMS 4-20mA, True RMS 5V, True RMS 10V or 225mV, 333mV Direct Output (1 Amp output coming soon)
Frequency Measuring Range
50-1500Hz (15th Harmonic)
Operating Voltage
10-32VDC
Accuracy
1% from 25 to 5000 Amp
Current Consumption
100mA (max)
Dimensions
100mm x 78mm x 15mm (Integrator), 30cm Diameter (Coils)
Mounting
Din Rail Mount
Integrator to Coil cable
4.5M Twisted and Screened
Integrator to Meter cable
User Supplied Shielded cable 1.5mm sqr, up to 6m long
Operating Temperature
-25Β°C - 70Β°C
Storage Temperature
-45Β°C to 80Β°C
Isolation (50Hz, 1 min)
1.5kV
True RMS Response Time
160-190ms
Termination Style
Push-in for 1.5mm sqr wire
Weight
58g
Factory Pack Qty
1
Certifications
Β
UL, ROHS
Datasheet
AI-PMUL Datasheet
ART Series Datasheet
Application Notes
User Notice
1) The Rogowski coil can measure any primary current as there is no saturation effect.
2) Not tested given that in the worst case (load = 0 Ohm i.e. short circuit on the output) the peak dissipated power remains low (< 2 Watts)
3) Frequency bandwidth and phase shift modelling schematic can be provided on request.
4) Referring to the main phase offset of 90 Β° (a Rogowski coil is a derivative current transducer)
5) Considering a primary conductor of at least β 15 mm, perpendicular and in contact with the Rogowski coil.
6) Considering an external conductor of at least β 15 mm the same current level than internal conductor, perpendicular and in contact with the Rogowski coil.
Β
VAT810, CO2 Indoor Air Quality Monitor. Desktop Mount, 5VDC Supply (1.5W). Temperature Measurement Range -20 to 50 Deg C Accuracy +/-0.5 Deg C. Humidity 0-100% +/-3%RH, CO2 300-3000ppm +/-(50ppm + 3%). With Sound and Light Alarm, Modbus RS485
Features
Desktop Mount
5VDC Supply (1.5W)
Temperature Measurement Range -20 to 50 Deg C Accuracy +/-0.5 Deg C Humidity 0-100% +/-3%RH
CO2 300-3000ppm +/-(50ppm + 3%)
With Sound and Light Alarm
Capacitive Humidity Sensor
NDIR CO2 sensor
IP40
125x85x30mm
Touch Key Operation
Specification
Β
Datasheet
Datasheet
Fastron Electronics SCT-F16-100-5A, 5 Amp Output, 100Amp measurement Split Core Current Transformer
Features
Quick Release Split Core System
Cable Mount
5 Amp Output
Self Powered
Rated System Voltage 0.60/3kV
0.5M Flying Leads
Applications
US Based Metering Equipment
Energy Monitoring
AC Power Control Systems
Power Factor Correction
Power Quality Measurements
Β
Specification
Fastron Part Number
SCT-F16-100-5A
Technology
Split Core AC Current Transformer
Ratio
100/5A
Aperture Size
ΓΈ 15 mm
VA Rating
1VA
Accuracy Class
Class 1
Output
5 Amp (+20%)
Isolation
3kV (AC, 50Hz, 1 min)
Bandwidth
50-60Hz
Mounting Style
Cable Mount/Busbar Mount
Operating Temperature Range
-15Β°C / 45Β°C
Continuous Current (max)
100Amp x 1.2
Termination Style
0.5M Flying leads
Unit Weight
100g
Factory Pack Qty
9
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Application Notes
Installation Guide
Risbabh EM94-Z-V1-L-D, Panel Mount DC kWh Meter, Class 0.5, 50-150mV Shunt input, 60-300VDC, 2 Alarm/Pulse Outputs, RS485 & USB Comms, Single Line LCD Display,12-60V DC Aux Supply, Internal Logging
2 Pulse/Alarm Outputs
50-150mV Shunt Input,Β and nominal voltageΒ 60-300VDC
RS 485 communication up toΒ 57,600Β bit/s
USB Port
8MB Internal Storage
DC Measurement Only
Β
The meter is intended for measuring, analysing and monitoring DC Power. The meter records TRMS value according to the principle of fast sampling of voltage and current signals. A built-in microprocessor calculates measurands (voltage, current,, energy, power.) from the measured signals.
Β
Features :
96 x 96mm Panel Mount
Accuracy class 0.5
Simple Menu
RS 485 communication up to 57,600 bit/s
USB Comms
8MB Internal Logger
60-300VAC/DCΒ power supply
Specification
Rishabh Part Number
EM94-Z-V1-L-D
Functions
kWh Meter, Energy Meter
Supply Voltage
60-300VAC/DC
Nominal Measurement Range
60-300VDC
Maximum Measurement Range
60-300VDC
Display
SingleΒ Line LCD
Pulse/Relay Output
2
Accuracy
Class 0.5 (Energy)
USB
YES
Real Time Clock
1min/month (30ppm)
Isolation
3.5kV
RS485 Modbus RTU
YESΒ 57,600bps
Weight
450g
Certification
EN 61010-1 Installation Category III
Factory Pack Qty
1
Environment
Β
IP54
Β
Safety
Protection Class II
Enclosure Material
Mablex with fire protection to UL94-V-O. Self extinguishing
EnclosureSize
96 x 96mm x 83.5mm (72mm behind panel)
Β
Terminals
Rising Cage 4mmΒ² (12 AWG) cable max
Humidity
< 75% Non Condensing
Operating Temperature
-20 β+70 Β°C
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Software
Software User Manual
Software Download Link
Application Notes
1)Reading Data from Registers -> Download file
2)Maximum Memory Size -> Read below
Max Available Memory Locations in 8MB Size = 273030
Actual parameter stored in Each log (Memory locations used) = Date +time+Number of parameter selected by user
Considering your example for 2 parameters:
Number of parameter selected by user = 2 (kwh & kVA)
Actual parameter stored in Each log = 1(Date) +1(time)+ 2 (Parameters) = 4 (memory locations used per log)
Maximum log that can be stored = Max Memory Location/Actual parameter stored in Each log =273030/4= 68257
Timelog Interval setting = 15 minutes
Log in one day = (60 /Timelog Interval setting) * 24 =(60/15)*24 = 96 Logs
Max Days = Maximum log that can be stored / log in one day = 68257 / 96 = 711 days = 1 Year & 11 Months = 23 Months.
Β
Risbabh EM94-Z-V2-L-D, Panel Mount DC kWh Meter, Class 0.5, 50-150mV Shunt input, 61-200VDC, 2 Alarm/Pulse Outputs, RS485 & USB Comms, Single Line LCD Display,12-60V DC Aux Supply, Internal Logging
2 Pulse/Alarm Outputs
50-150mV Shunt Input,Β and nominal voltageΒ 60-300VDC
RS 485 communication up toΒ 57,600Β bit/s
USB Port
8MB Internal Storage
DC Measurement Only
Β
The meter is intended for measuring, analysing and monitoring DC Power. The meter records TRMS value according to the principle of fast sampling of voltage and current signals. A built-in microprocessor calculates measurands (voltage, current,, energy, power.) from the measured signals.
Β
Features :
96 x 96mm Panel Mount
Accuracy class 0.5
Simple Menu
RS 485 communication up to 57,600 bit/s
USB Comms
8MB Internal Logger
60-300VAC/DCΒ power supply
Specification
Rishabh Part Number
EM94-Z-V2-L-D
Functions
kWh Meter, Energy Meter
Supply Voltage
60-300VAC/DC
Nominal Measurement Range
61-200VDC
Maximum Measurement Range
61-200VDC
Display
SingleΒ Line LCD
Pulse/Relay Output
2
Accuracy
Class 0.5 (Energy)
USB
YES
Real Time Clock
1min/month (30ppm)
Isolation
3.5kV
RS485 Modbus RTU
YESΒ 57,600bps
Weight
450g
Certification
EN 61010-1 Installation Category III
Factory Pack Qty
1
Environment
Β
IP54
Β
Safety
Protection Class II
Enclosure Material
Mablex with fire protection to UL94-V-O. Self extinguishing
EnclosureSize
96 x 96mm x 83.5mm (72mm behind panel)
Β
Terminals
Rising Cage 4mmΒ² (12 AWG) cable max
Humidity
< 75% Non Condensing
Operating Temperature
-20 β+70 Β°C
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Software
Software User Manual
Software Download Link
Application Notes
1)Reading Data from Registers -> Download file
2)Maximum Memory Size -> Read below
Max Available Memory Locations in 8MB Size = 273030
Actual parameter stored in Each log (Memory locations used) = Date +time+Number of parameter selected by user
Considering your example for 2 parameters:
Number of parameter selected by user = 2 (kwh & kVA)
Actual parameter stored in Each log = 1(Date) +1(time)+ 2 (Parameters) = 4 (memory locations used per log)
Maximum log that can be stored = Max Memory Location/Actual parameter stored in Each log =273030/4= 68257
Timelog Interval setting = 15 minutes
Log in one day = (60 /Timelog Interval setting) * 24 =(60/15)*24 = 96 Logs
Max Days = Maximum log that can be stored / log in one day = 68257 / 96 = 711 days = 1 Year & 11 Months = 23 Months.
Β
LEM ART-B22-D125-SP3 + AI-PMUL, Single Phase Rogowski Coil Set, Class 1, User Selectable 0.333v, 0.166v, True RMS 4-20mA, 0-20mA, 0-10V, 0-5V Outputs, Sensitivity, and Measurement Range, 12.5cm Diameter
The universal Rogowski coil integrator AI-PMUL complements LEMβs flexible clip-around coil ART and ARU range. The design is based on digital processing to give combined dynamic range, accuracy and versatility of use. It offers a wide range of output signals both RMS and instantaneous. AI-PMUL is DIN rail mounted and can be stacked for multiphase application without spacing thanks to its low power dissipation.
Input signal
Accuracy Class 1 (IEC 61869-2) [1].
Linearity error β€ 0.10 %. Protection degree IP2X.
35 mm DIN rail mounted.
Push-in terminals.
4 selectable true RMS output signals: 0β¦20 mA, 4β¦20 mA, 0β¦5 V, 0β¦10 V.
2 selectable instantaneous output signals: 225 mV, 333 mV.
6 selectable sensitivities depending on Rogowski coil: 22.5, 70, 80, 85, 100, 120 mV/kA at 50 Hz.
12 selectable ranges: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 4000, 5000 A.
Ambient operating temperature β25...+70 Β°C.
Advantages
Compact design for DIN rail assembly
High accuracy Class 1 (IEC 61869-2)
Setup by user via Select / Edit buttons
Clear status indication via bi-color led
Applications
MV/LV substations on LV side: Transformer Condition Monitoring
Power metering: current measurement for active power calculation
Building sub-metering: energy efficiency monitoring, consumption analysis and cost allocation
Power quality monitoring: electrical loads and distribution system equipment
Fault Detection, Isolation and Repair (FDIR): isolate the site of the fault
Remote Terminal Units (RTU)
Phasor Measurement Units (PMU)
Standards
IEC 61010-1: 2010
UL
EMC: IEC 61326-1:2012
Options
Cross Power Plug-in: side contacts to stack up to 3 Integrator modules and use only one power supply.
Specification
LEM Part Number
AI-PMUL + ART-B22-D125-SP3
Function
Single Phase AC Current Measurement
Measuring Range
Selectable 5000,4000,2000,1500,1000,800,600,500,400,300,200,100Amp
Sensitivity
Selectable 22.5,70,80,85,100,120mV/kA @ 50 Hz
Output
Selectable; Signal Conditioned True RMS 0-20mA, True RMS 4-20mA, True RMS 5V, True RMS 10V or 225mV, 333mV Direct Output (1 Amp output coming soon)
Frequency Measuring Range
50-1500Hz (15th Harmonic)
Operating Voltage
10-32VDC
Accuracy
1% from 25 to 5000 Amp
Current Consumption
100mA (max)
Dimensions
100mm x 78mm x 15mm (Integrator), 12.5cm Diameter (Coils)
Mounting
Din Rail Mount
Integrator to Coil cable
3M Twisted and Screened
Integrator to Meter cable
User Supplied Shielded cable 1.5mm sqr, up to 6m long
Operating Temperature
-25Β°C - 70Β°C
Storage Temperature
-45Β°C to 80Β°C
Isolation (50Hz, 1 min)
1.5kV
True RMS Response Time
160-190ms
Termination Style
Push-in for 1.5mm sqr wire
Weight
58g
Factory Pack Qty
1
Certifications
UL, ROHS
Datasheet
AI-PMUL Datasheet
ART Series Datasheet
Application Notes
User Notice
1) The Rogowski coil can measure any primary current as there is no saturation effect.
2) Not tested given that in the worst case (load = 0 Ohm i.e. short circuit on the output) the peak dissipated power remains low (< 2 Watts)
3) Frequency bandwidth and phase shift modelling schematic can be provided on request.
4) Referring to the main phase offset of 90 Β° (a Rogowski coil is a derivative current transducer)
5) Considering a primary conductor of at least β 15 mm, perpendicular and in contact with the Rogowski coil.
6) Considering an external conductor of at least β 15 mm the same current level than internal conductor, perpendicular and in contact with the Rogowski coil.
Eastron SDM630MCT-4L, Quad 3 Phase DIN Rail Mount kWh Meter with Easyclick, 4 x 3 Phase or 12 x Single Phase, 240VAC aux, Class 1, 100mA RJ12 CT Connect, w/RS485 Modbus RTU Comms
100mA RJ12 CT 4 x 3 Phase Connect
100mA RJ12 12 x Single Phase RJ12 CT with adapter
RS 485 communication up to 38,400 bit/s as standard
True RMS values of currents and voltages
Easyclick CT system reduces installation costs
Dual Metering System Reduces Cost and saves space
Β
The meter is intended for measuring, and monitoring 2 x three phase or 6 x single-phase or electrical power network. The meter records TRMS value according to the principle of fast sampling of voltage and current signals. A built-in microprocessor calculates measurands (voltage, current, frequency, energy, power to the 30th Harmonic) from the measured signals.
Β
Features :
System Accuracy Class B/Class1
Measurement of Active and Reactive Power
Modbus RTU communication up to 38,400 bit/s communication
Graphic LCD with illumination
Specification
Eastron Part Number
SDM630MCT-4L
Functions
Quad Three Phase Energy Meter/ 12 x Single Phase Energy Meter
Supply Voltage
230V L-N +/-15% < 5VA
Nominal Measurement Range
415V L-L 230V L-N, 1/5 Amp +/-15%
Maximum Measurement Range
480V L-L 230V L-N, 1/5 Amp
Nominal CT Current Input
100mA via RJ12 Easyclick CT's
Pulse Output
N/A
Tariff Input
N/A
System Accuracy
Class 1 (I,U,F,kW,kWh) Class 2 (Reactive)
Mounting
Din Rail
Real Time Clock
1min/month (30ppm)
Internal Memory
N/A
Dimensions
72mm x 100mm x 66mm (4 modules wide)
Isolation
4kV
RS485
2400-38400 b/sΒ (400ms Response Time)
Weight
700g
Certification
EN 61010-1 Installation Category III
Factory Pack Qty
1
Safety
IP51(Indoor)
Enclosure Material
Noryl with fire protection to UL94-V-O. Self extinguishing
Enclosure Size
DIN 42880 4 Modules
Operating Temperature
-20 β+70 Β°C
Β
Documents
Product Datasheet
User Manual
Modbus Protocol
Suitable RJ12 CT's
Three Phase J12 Connected CT's
Split Core Single Phase CT's for RJ12 Connected Meters
Modbus Utility
EEM Meter Setting Software Utility
Fastron Electronics SCT-F36-150, 0.333V, 150Amp measurement Split Core CT's Class 1, 36mm Aperture
Features
Quick Release Split Core System
Cable Mount
0.333V Output
Self Powered
Rated System Voltage 0.60/3kV
0.9M Flying Leads
Applications
US Based Metering Equipment
Energy Monitoring
AC Power Control Systems
Power Factor Correction
Power Quality Measurements
Specification
Fastron Part Number
SCT-F36-150
Technology
Split Core AC Current Transformer
Ratio
150/0.333V
Aperture Size
ΓΈ 35 mm
VA Rating
N/A
Accuracy Class
Class 1
Output
0.333V (+20%)
Isolation
3kV (AC, 50Hz, 1 min)
Bandwidth
50-60Hz
Mounting Style
Cable Mount/Busbar Mount
Operating Temperature Range
-15Β°C / 45Β°C
Continuous Current (max)
150Amp x 1.2
Termination Style
0.9M Flying leads
Unit Weight
400g
Factory Pack Qty
9
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Stocked Split Core CT's Listing
Application Notes
Installation Guide
Types of Current Transformers - Blog
Cable Losses and CT's
High Accuracy or High Burden Requirements for CT's
Fastron Electronics FESCT-19-200-0.333V, 200Amp measurement Split Core CT's, w/1M Flying leads, 19x19mm Aperture, Class 1
Features
Quick Release Split Core System
1m Flying Leads
Mounting Feet Supplied
Self Powered
Rated System Voltage 0.60/3kV
Applications
US Based Metering Equipment
Energy Monitoring
AC Power Control Systems
Power Factor Correction
Power Quality Measurements
Β
Specification
Fastron Part Number
FESCT-19-200-0.333V
Technology
Split Core AC Current Transformer
Ratio
200/0.333V
Aperture Size
19 x 19mm
VA Rating
N/A
Accuracy Class
Class 1
Output
0.333VAC (+20%)
Isolation
3kV (AC, 50Hz, 1 min)
Bandwidth
50-60Hz
Mounting Style
Cable Mount/Busbar Mount
Operating Temperature Range
-15Β°C / 55Β°C
Continuous Current (max)
200Amp x 1.2
Termination Style
1M Twisted Pair 0.34mm^2
Unit Weight
350g
Factory Pack Qty
9
Β
Datasheet
Product Datasheet
Application Notes
Installation Guide